الرئيسية / القواعد / Modals / Must / Have to

📙 الدرس الثالث - Modals

✦ Must / Have to ✦

Obligation & Necessity

⏱️ 25 دقيقة 🎯 10 فخاخ + 14 سؤال

📖 الشرح Explanation

الاتنين بيعبّروا عن الالتزام والضرورة، بفروق مهمة.

Must

التزام قوي، غالباً من المتكلم نفسه. must + فعل أصلي (مفيش to ولا s).

I must finish this today.

لازم أخلّص ده النهاردة.

Have to

التزام غالباً من قاعدة أو ظرف خارجي. بتتغيّر مع الفاعل: have to / has to. وليها ماضي had to (وده مهم لأن must مالهاش ماضي).

She has to wear a uniform at work.

لازم تلبس يونيفورم في الشغل.

أخطر فرق في المحور — النفي:
mustn't = ممنوع (منع تام)
don't have to = مش ضروري (اختياري)
دول عكس بعض — متخلطش بينهم!

⚡ تثبيت سريع

must + أصلي | have/has to + أصلي | had to (ماضي)

must + أصلي (مفيش to/s/ماضي). have to بتتصرّف (has to / had to).
mustn't = ممنوع ⛔ · don't have to = مش لازم ✔️ (اختياري).
ماضي الالتزام دايماً had to (must مالهاش ماضي).

📊 الفرق في النفي (الأهم!) Negatives

الصيغة	المعنى	مثال
mustn't	ممنوع تماماً ⛔	You mustn't smoke here.
don't have to	مش ضروري (اختياري) ✔️	You don't have to come.

You mustn't call him = ممنوع تكلّمه. You don't have to call him = مش لازم تكلّمه (لو حبيت). فرق كبير!

⚠️ الفخاخ الشهيرة (أهم حاجة!)

الفخ 1: mustn't = don't have to

You mustn't pay (بمعنى مش لازم تدفع)

✅ You don't have to pay.

احذر: mustn't = ممنوع، مش "مش لازم". لو اختياري استخدم don't have to.

الفخ 2: to بعد must

I must to go now.

✅ I must go now.

احذر: must + فعل أصلي من غير to (بس have to فيها to).

الفخ 3: have to مع He/She

She have to leave.

✅ She has to leave.

احذر: مع He/She/It بنقول has to.

الفخ 4: must للماضي

Yesterday I must work late.

✅ Yesterday I had to work late.

احذر: must مالهاش ماضي — استخدم had to.

الفخ 5: s على must

He musts study.

✅ He must study.

احذر: must فعل ناقص — مافيهوش s.

الفخ 6: سؤال have to بـ do

Have you to work? (بمعنى هل لازم)

✅ Do you have to work?

احذر: سؤال have to بـ do/does/did.

الفخ 7: don't must

You don't must do that.

✅ You mustn't do that. / You don't have to do that.

احذر: مفيش don't must — يا mustn't يا don't have to.

الفخ 8: ماضي have to بـ must

I must to pay a fine last week.

✅ I had to pay a fine last week.

احذر: ماضي الالتزام = had to.

الفخ 9: نفي الماضي

I hadn't to go.

✅ I didn't have to go.

احذر: نفي had to = didn't have to.

الفخ 10: has to + s على الفعل

He has to works.

✅ He has to work.

احذر: الفعل بعد to أصلي (work مش works).

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النتيجة: 0 / 14

1 «مش لازم تدفع، اختياري» — اختار الصح:

✅ You don't have to pay. — اختياري = don't have to. ✗ الفخ: mustn't = ممنوع (معنى مختلف).

2 «ممنوع تدخّن هنا» — اختار الصح:

✅ You mustn't smoke here. — منع = mustn't. ✗ الفخ: don't have to = اختياري.

3 اختار الصح:

✅ I must go now. — must + أصلي من غير to. ✗ الفخ: to / ing / s.

4 اختار الصح:

✅ She has to work on Fridays. — has to مع she + فعل أصلي. ✗ الفخ: have to مع she، أو works.

5 اختار الصح (ماضي):

✅ ... I had to work late. — ماضي الالتزام = had to. ✗ الفخ: must مالهاش ماضي.

6 اختار الصح:

✅ He must study... — must + أصلي، مفيش s. ✗ الفخ: musts / studies / to.

7 اختار السؤال الصح:

✅ Do you have to work today? — سؤال have to بـ do. ✗ الفخ: "have you to" أو "do you must".

8 اختار الصح:

✅ You mustn't do that. — نفي must = mustn't. ✗ الفخ: "don't must" مش موجودة.

9 اختار الصح (نفي الماضي):

✅ I didn't have to go. — نفي الماضي = didn't have to. ✗ الفخ: hadn't to / didn't must.

10 «You don't have to come» معناها:

✅ مش ضروري (اختياري) — don't have to = عدم ضرورة. ✗ مش منع ولا إلزام.

11 اختار الصح:

✅ He has to work overtime. — has to + أصلي. ✗ الفخ: works بعد to، أو have مع he.

12 «ممنوع تتأخر» — اختار الصح:

✅ You mustn't be late. — منع = mustn't. ✗ الفخ: don't have to = اختياري (معنى مختلف).

13 اختار الصح:

✅ Do we have to bring ID? — سؤال have to بـ do. ✗ الفخ: "have we to" أو "do we must".

14 اختار الصح (ماضي):

✅ They had to leave early. — had to + أصلي. ✗ الفخ: must to / musted / نسيان to.